The Central Government has implemented the four Labour Codes—the Code on Wages, 2019, Industrial Relations Code, 2020, Code on Social Security, 2020, and the Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020—with effect from 21 November 2025, significantly strengthening protections for both organised and unorganised workers. Key provisions include a statutory right to minimum wages and timely payment, universalisation of social security covering gig and platform workers, expanded ESIC and EPFO coverage, creation of a Social Security Fund, improved workplace safety and health measures, mandatory appointment letters and annual health check-ups, re-skilling support for retrenched workers, enhanced rights for women workers including night work with safeguards, and expanded benefits for inter-state migrant workers such as travel allowance and portability of benefits. This information was provided by the Minister of State for Labour and Employment in a written reply in Rajya Sabha.
